Category: Machinery

3D Printing In Fashion Garment Industry: What To Look Forward

CAD, Fabric, Machinery
3d Printing In Fashion Garment Industry: What To Look Forward

3D printing has started making its way into the fashion apparel industry. A number of designers are making use of the additive manufacturing technology to produce one-off complex designs; 3D printing services dedicated to fashion and design are emerging in the market. Fashion schools are adapting their programs, incorporating laser-cutting and 3D printing. Annual hi-tech fashion weeks are popping up around the globe


Such technology refers to the layer by layer. Creation of physical objects based on digital 3D files. Which described as having the power to disrupt and transform the manufacturing system as we know it. 3D printing transforms the design and development process by expanding spheres of possibilities, enhancing design quality and limiting development costs. It also incurs great consequences for manufacturing as it reduces transaction costs, resolves the scale-scope problem and fosters zero-waste production.

Technology

In recent years, the fashion industry has shown growing interest in 3D printing technologies and its affiliated 3D designing software. Traditionally the business and engineering communities have formed the foundation for research on the issue of 3D printing. And have provided the theoretical and empirical framework through which to analyze the adoption and impacts of 3D printing on the industrial sector.

The first 3D printer was introduced in 1986 by Chuck Hall. 3D printers manufacturers have been large R & D based organizations (De Jong et al, 2012) which were able to afford high prices and required premium products. However, with the patents for these technologies beginning to expire a number of firms, most of which were start-ups began entering the market, with a concentration on the lower end of the market. 

Transformative Effects of 3D printing:

3D printing also brings about many advantages in terms of manufacturing and supply chain management. It promotes customization to new design alternatives that can be created without the need for investments in setup, tooling or machine changeovers. As such, the marginal cost of reproduction is close to zero thus resolving the scale-scope dilemma imposed by traditional manufacturing technologies. Products are producing and sold efficiently in small batches (Michalik et al, 2015). As a result, 3D printing also limits concerns relative to stock. Inventories become obsolete when it becomes possible to produce according to make-to-order processes (Weller and al, 2015). Finally, 3D printing enables localized production. With 3D technologies, design and manufacturing can happen anywhere thus reducing transaction costs.


Innovation in the Creative Industries:

In order to assess the possible impact of 3D printing in terms of fashion. It is crucial to turn to the existing literature on the role of innovation in the creative industrie. as well as a past example of adoptions of digital innovations in this particular sector.

If style and continuous style change is central to the fashion industry, researchers have

pointed out the crucial role of innovation in the contemporary fashion market. They have numerous technological and digital innovations introduced in the fashion industry (Unay and Zehir, 2012). Such as; a computer-aided-design or the development of certain fabrics and fibers. These new technologies have stimulated product innovation and led to transformations in terms of speed and quality of manufacturing.


Fashion Designers

The main focus of the sample was to identify designers researching, creating or producing 3D printed garments. The population of designers making use of 3D printing for garments is extremely small. Thus, explaining the size of the available sample. Despite this, the criterion is applied in order to select a sample. All designers conducted projects where 3D printing and was used to produce wearable garments or fabrics. 

Designers solely using 3D prototype technology which has excluded from the analysis. This limited the analysis to independent designers and micro fashion firms. This sample is select using the snowball sampling method whereby relationships and communication with initially targeted participants brought about contact possibilities with other potential respondents. 


Reliability, Validity, and Limitations:

The methodology used in this study presents certain limitations, notably interviewing. Indeed, The use of interviews leaves room for a number of limitations notably the risk of subjectivity. The difficulty to replicate the study, the problem of generalization and the risk of lack of transparency. There’s been general uneasiness for the application reliability and validity in qualitative research. The quality of the study will be guaranteed according to the alternative indicators of quality

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Brief discussion of auto marker & making process

CAD, Cutting, How To, Machinery
Brief discussion of auto marker & making process

Let’s get back to the initial time of cutting department of garments industries there is no facility like auto marker. All the time in bulk cutting they used marker, however; how did they make it? In that case; can you say that in a single sentence? Well let me tell you, they make it manually placing one pattern by by one. Marker is most important element to complete the bulk cutting.

Now question is what is marker in detail ?


Marker is sheet of paper. where every parts of garments are plotted as per layer or cutting plan. Always the marker man makes marker by breakdown a ratio from PO quantity. As per company working policy; this ration also can be provided by cutting planer. Marker maker input the ratio into marker making software to make desire marker for production.

This is the package of garments parts, which let us to enhance the cutting production with limited period of time.

How did they make manual marker?


Question Is little weird, isn’t it? How did they ? Because the manual marker making isn’t used in large production. This is very long process and it’s efficiency isn’t good as in computerized methods.


The maker man makes marker by placing one pattern by one. If maker Missed something he/she need to erase drawn marker and do that again. This is very complicated process & unable to change anything after finish the marker. It’s required much more time and manpower than computerized method.

What is Computerized method?



As I mention earlier, it’s easiest way to place the Patten one by one and check how much efficiency we are achieving n. On the other hand, if we change any placement and see much eefficiency increased or decreased. This is helps a lot the marker man to achieve desire efficiency goal.

Auto marker.


Technology improving rapidly and it’s adding new features everyday to progress CAD and CAM technology. Auto marker is one of them. It’s doesn’t take long time to make any marker. Within two minutes it can be possible to make any marker. which is at least 10 minutes work for a marker man. Almost every top ranking recognizes software company are providing such auto marker facilities with its main software by adding some extra charges.

How it’s work?


As simple as like convert a video files from .avi to .mkv . Just open the software, input the marker, set your desire time, setting and go for process. Done!

Point should be noted. “that the file type doesn’t change at all”. File type remain same. to reduce Fabric wastage all the pieces must placed perfectly


You can also send new created and unplaced marker to nesting directly from your working folder. Using “send to option” as like we send some file to flash drive from computer.
So simple!

You may be interested to read, more about CAD.

How product’s development works in garment factory.
Brief discussion of Group marker and its purpose
Marker making & Marker efficiency calculation
Brief discussion of marker making methods
What is garment Tech Pack or Spec

Abbreviation used in this article


PO– products order
CAD– computer aided design
CAM– computer aided manufacturing

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What is band knife

Accessories, Cutting, Fabric, Machinery
What is band knife, Feature image

What are we going to discuss about Band Knife:

  • What is band knife?
  • Brief discussion.
  • Feature .
  • Advantage.
  • Disadvantage.
  • Conclusion

Depending on cutting facility and cutting purpose the cutting operation complete by various way. There are too many cutting process used in garments industry, but today I’m going to discuss about band knife machine and its process. Which is used to cut mostly small pieces of garments specially lingerie item. Band knife work with an endless flexible knife like a loop.

Band knife is round flexible functional by three or more than three pulley are powered by a high RPM (revolutions per minute) electric motor. Based on material properties; the speed of knife can be adjust by machine operator. Small pieces of garments can be easily cut by band knife without making any technical fault in pieces. Operator required to push the fabric lay through the knife to complete the cutting operation. Depending the operator expertise garments pieces can be cut with 100% accuracy.

You may also Like it Methods of Fabric Cutting

Feature of Band knife machine:

  • An endless knife cut the fabric continuously which is run by three or more than three pulley.
  • All the pulley are powered by high speed electric motor.
  • The thickness round blade is narrower than straight knife.
  • This Machine is smoother than straight knife.
  • Large table required than the lay length.
  • Block pieces of fabric required to cut fabric by this machine.
  • Air blower helps the operator to move the fabric lay in various direction.
  • This methods of cutting process as like as saw mill methods.
  • In this band knife methods fabric is movable but the machine is stationary.
  • Automatic grinder used to make sharper the edge of knife during cutting.

What is band knife Machine

Advantage of band knife:

  • Very effective than straight knife to cut small pieces of garments.
  • Low space required for installation this machine.
  • Automatic grinder used to make sharper the edge of knife during cutting.
  • Intensity of accident is very low.
  • Possible to cut thin layer with 90 degree angle.
  • Air blower helps to smoothly handle and cut the fabric layer.
  • Only one operator can fully control a machine with fully operational.
  • Perfect to cut tiny pieces in lingerie like center front, cradle, wing, gusset etc. & in knit garments collar, placket, pocket, cuff etc.

Disadvantage of band knife:

  • Operator required to move around the machine to handle the fabric layer.

    band knife

    band knife (side View)

  • Without proper marker the fabric wastage is high.
  • Not possible to cut large length garments due to table length (Such as night dress, Long dress)
  • Fabric is not possible to cut directly.
  • High weight layer could be problem to smooth and perfect cut.
  • Too many marker required for large production (Long length marker can’t be handle or cut by this machine).

Conclusion

That was my sight of view, what do you think about it? If I missed something to share in this article you may put it on comment box below or send a mail to me by this is Info@textilestudent.com

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Ultrasonic in wet processing technology

Machinery, Wet Processing
Ultrasonic in wet processing technology

Textile wet processing get the challenges of reduce environment pollution to save the green world. This is so important to reduce usages of water chemical and dyes in wet processing. Wet processing is most of important department in textile which is plays a vital role to makes color and various textile process. Ultrasonic makes the wet processing easy and better than conventional system in a few selected methods. Let’s discuss the process of ultrasonic.

Meaning of ultrasonic (Ultrasound)

Ultrasonic made from two different words, ultra mean beyond and sonic mean sound. Ultrasonic defined the sound which limit is more than human limitations.  Ultrasonic is a sound waves which frequencies are above the limitation of human audibility. More than hearing ability (>20 KHz) are called ultrasonic.

The human ear can respond to minute pressure variations in the air if they are in the audible frequency range, roughly 20 Hz – 20 kHz. It is capable of detecting pressure variations of less than one billionth of atmospheric pressure.

Sound Classification

  • 1-20 Hz – Infrasound
  • 20 Hz-20 KHz – Acoustic (low Base Notes)
  • 20 KHz-2 MHz – Animals and chemistry, medical and destructive (Ultrasound).
  • 2 MHz-200 MHz – Diagnostic and NDE

Production of ultrasonic.

Ultrasonic can be produced by following methods

  • Piezo-electric generator
  • Magneto-striction generator

Advantage of ultrasonic in textile wet processing.

  • Increasing material swelling properties in water.
  • Reducing glass transition temperature of the fiber or cloth.
  • Increasing fiber and dye bath partition co-efficiency. Enhancing transport of the dye to the fiber surface by reducing the boundary layer thickness.
  • Saving energy.
  • Breaking of micelles and high molecular weight aggregation into uniform dispersion in the dye bath.
  • Reduction the consumption of chemical and dyes.
  • Reduction of processing time.
  • Improvement of in quality.
  • Easier process control.
  • No hazard effect during process running.
  • Reducing the pollution load on effluent water.
  • Saving in energy.
  • Low production cost and makes more profit.

Ultrasonic in textile industry

This is the most effective process in textile wet processing which is can be divided in to two main category.

  • Utilization in auxiliary process
    • Sizing process
    • Emulsion preparation
  • The modification of textile wet processing.
    • Desizing processing
    • Scouring and bleaching
    • Enzymatic treatment
    • Dyeing
      • Dispersion
      • Degassing
      • Diffusion
    • Finishing
    • Washing
    • Cleaning or washing action
    • Advantages
      • Deeper and quicker cleaning effect
      • Low energy expense
      • Reduced water expenses.
      • Reduced detergent and other accessories expense.
      • It does not damage the fiber.

Ultrasonic is a different way to increase wet processing procedure and let it be so effective. Though this is a process of sound weave but it is reduce the cost of goods and increase profit.

References

The Indian Textile Journal

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3D printing in garment industry

Fabric, Fashion, Machinery
3D Printing in garments industry

Printing is an essential department in garments manufacturing industry; which makes special looks for a garment. Different apparel branded company around the world always print different design on the garments to gives better looks. There are too many types of printing system are used in garments technology but 3D printing is a glorious and latest invention in apparel industry.

3D printing in Garment Industry.

3D printing in Garment Industry.

What is 3D technology?

3D isn’t newly invented technology in the world but in apparel industry this is the most recent invention makes people happy and more fashionable. 3D technology stands for three-dimensional technology that offers a wide array of possibilities in near future in almost every walk of life and especially in entertainment, fashion, architecture, and many more segments. 1915 is time as far as concern when the 3D technology was invented but it was unable to commercial use cause of costly hardware and production process. But there are a few times in USA 1950s, 1980s, 1990s and 2000s are used this technology in entertainment industry. In December 2009 and January 2010 the 3D technology achieved unprecedented success by presenting avatar film (avatar is blockbuster Hollywood film).

 

Since 2010, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) group “ASTM F42 – Additive Manufacturing” developed a set of standards that classify the Additive Manufacturing processes into 7 categories according to Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies. These seven processes are given blew.

 

Vat Photopolymerisation

Material Jetting

Binder Jetting

Material Extrusion

Powder Bed Fusion

Sheet Lamination

Directed Energy Depositio

 

Different technique of 3d printing

Stereolithography(SLA)

Digital Light Processing(DLP)

Fused deposition modeling (FDM)

Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)

Selective laser melting (SLM)

Electronic Beam Melting (EBM)

 

Conclusion: Each technology takes a little time to spread into all around the world and industry. Though 3D Technology was invented long ago but its seems new in textile technology. How ever; we’ll research more to be updated about 3D printing in garments industry.

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Distinguish between rotors & ring spinning frame.

Accessories, Machinery, Spinning
Rotor spinning frame

Spinning is a process where yarn makes from cotton or something else by twisting though spinning frame machine. There are a few types of spinning machine are used around the world but we will discuss about most used machine like rotor spinning frame and ring spinning frame. Every modern machine has history which created by conventional machine. Modern machine is an upgrade version of conventional machine. Remove some unusual parts of machine & using some latest mechanical or electrical technology; speed up the machine and finally got the modern machine.

Ring spinning frame

Ring spinning frame

Rotor spinning frame

Rotor spinning frame

No Rotor Spinning frame No Ring Spinning frame
01 Rotor spinning frame is modern spinning system machine 01 Ring spinning frame is conventional spinning system machine
02 This machine makes yarn by high drafting from sliver. 02 This machine makes yarn by lower pressure than rotor spinning frame from roving.
03 The working speed of rotor spinning frame is faster than ring spinning frame. 03 The working speed of ring spinning frame is lower than ring spinning frame.
04 Usually rotor spinning frame produced lower count yarn. 04 This machine can produce from low count yarn to high count yarn.
05 Basically the raw material of this machine is low quality. Means low grade cotton. 05 Relatively this machine used high grade cotton to produce yarn.
06 Temperature and moisture of cotton should be controlled to produce yarn by rotor spinning frame. 06 No need to control temperature and moisture of cotton to produced yarn by ring spinning frame.
07 Room temperature should be controlled in 20 to 28 C on spinning room. 07 Its better if the room temperature controlled in 28 to 35 C.
08 Only one drafting system is available on this machine so there are now break draft in this machine. 08 Darting system is split in two divisions called main draft and break draft.
09 Twisting and winding process work separately in rotor spinning frame. 09 Twisting and winding process work with each other.
10 Production of rotor spinning frame is more than ring spinning frame. 10 Production of ring spinning frame is less than rotor spinning frame
11 Consumption of electricity is less than ring spinning frame. 11 Consumption of electricity is more than rotor spinning frame.
12 The ratio of breakage yarn is less than ring spinning frame. 12 The ratio of breakage yarn more than rotor spinning frame.
13 Production sound or noise is less than ring spinning frame. 13 Production sound or noise of the machine is more than ring rotor spinning frame.
14 The produced yarn package large. 14 The produced yarn package is small.
15 A few labor or technician can produce or maintain rotor spinning machine. 15 Ring spinning machine required more than ring spinning frame machine.
16 Rotor spinning frame produced balanced yarn. 16 Ring spinning frame produced less balanced yarn.
17 Trash less cotton is perfect for make yarn balanced so always used cotton should less trash cotton. 17 Comparability this machine can produce yarn from maximum amount of trash full cotton.

You may Interested to read What is carding and classification of carding machine?

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