Cotton – Textile Student

Top ten country by cotton Exporting

January 21, 2017 Engr. Md. Mustak Ahmed Fiber, Spinning

Cotton is a natural fiber which able to makes most comfortable and beloved of all cloth in efficient budget. This is the most popular natural fiber across the world because of its chemical and natural properties. Cotton takes an important role in textile industry to fill the necessity of natural fiber. All that textile production country does not have the ability to grow cotton in own country because of sufficient land, fertilization, climates and government approval. Pick a country like Bangladesh; it’s able to cultivate cotton in their inland but cotton takes a little long to grow and mature; in that time Bangladeshi farmer can grow more crops than cotton which helps them to survive and feed the nation.

Top ten country by exporting cotton

In that case some people export their cotton after complete the demand of domestic industry. Various countries grow cotton which not only fulfills domestic needs but also boosting up the overall economical health of the country by exporting cotton across the world.

Global cotton export estimate amount was $54.3billion in 2015. Here are given blew the top ten list of the country which add a fair amount of money on annual growth of economy. This statistic is taken from recent global market export and import statistic report.

List of top ten country by exporting cotton:

S/N	Country	Worth of shipment in (USD)	Percentage of total exports
01	China	$15.8 billion	29.1%
02	India	$7.5 billion	13.8%
03	United States	$5.9 billion	10.8%
04	Pakistan	$3.1 billion	5.7%
05	Hong Kong	$2.3 billion	4.3%
06	Vietnam	$1.8 billion	3.2%
07	Turkey	$1.7 billion	3.1%
08	Italy	$1.5 billion	2.7%
09	Brazil	$1.4 billion	2.7%
10	Germany	$998.9 million	1.8%

China is the country who leads the cotton exporting business around the globe. With 9,596,961 km² and 1,376,049,000 population china produce a huge amount of cotton that fulfill their domestic Demand and makes more than $15.8 billion USD last year. Come to the second country India which 3,287,263 km²and 1,293,057,000 of population they produce vast amount of cotton that fill domestic demand and export extra cotton; like china and makes $7.5 billion USD last year. In that situation one thing is clear that; to produce huge amount of cotton you need more lands with adept people to cultivate cotton to makes garments and export it in worldwide.

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Complete Dyeing process of cotton

May 13, 2015 Engr. Md. Mustak Ahmed Fiber, Spinning, Wet Processing

Complete Dyeing process of 100% cotton fabric
Cotton is most popular natural fiber around the world. The original way of wet processing is most important. Follow chart is part and parcel in textile industry. This is ideal follow chart for cotton dyeing which is help somebody to know about cotton fabric or yarn dying.

Complete Dyeing process of cotton

I’m describing the complete dyeing process of 100% cotton fabric by the following process flowchart:
Fill water
↓
Load fabric
↓
Temperature control 600 C
↓
Inject detergent + Sequestering agent + Anti-creasing agent
↓
Run time 10 minute
↓
Caustic dosing 600C X 10’
↓
Increase temperature at 700C
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H2 O2 dosing
↓
Run time 110 0 C X 40’
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Cooling at 800 C
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Rinse at 60 0C for 7 minute
↓
Water drain
↓
Fill water and inject PKK
↓
Temperature 980 C and run time 10’
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Cooling at 800 C
↓
Rinse at 50 0C for 7 minute
↓
Water drain
↓
Fill water
↓
Inject acetic acid at 550 C X 10’ and check p H
↓
Raise temperature at 800 C X 10’ and destroy enzyme activity
↓
Rinse for 5 minutes
↓
Water drain
↓
Fill water
↓
Check p H
↓
Temperature 600 C
↓
Inject leveling + sequestering agent run time 5’
↓
Inject salt 600 C X 20’
↓
Color dosing 60 0C X 33’
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Run time 20 minute
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Soda ash dosing for 33’
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Check sample after 10, 33.…… during shade matching
↓
Rinse at 50 0C for 15’
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Drain
↓
Fill water
↓
For neutralizing, inject A. acid
↓
Run time 10 minute then rinse for 10 minute
↓
Darin
↓
Fill water
↓
Inject
↓
A. Acid 55 0C X 10’
↓
Check PH
↓
Inject softener
↓
Run time 500C X 20’
↓
Rinse
↓
Drain
↓
Fill water
↓
Cold wash
↓
Unload from machine

Acknowledgement for reader who is must be textile student or expert on textile technology. If you missed something on this flowchart and if you have any objection about anything please leave a comment on comment box are given blew.

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Percentage of impurities in different natural fiber

October 14, 2014 Engr. Md. Mustak Ahmed Fiber, Spinning, Testing

Percentage of impurities in different natural fiber:

Every natural textile fiber is made with a little bit impurities which are totally unusable. Before use that fiber its need to remove those impurities from the fiber with keeps the useable part that fiber. Various quantities impurities and various types impurities are included in textile natural fiber. Every natural fiber, impurities and quantities are given blew.

Cotton Fiber

Percentage of impurities in Cotton fiber.

Cotton is a uni-cellulose fiber. Cellulose is the use able and main part the cotton fiber. 94% cellulose and 6% impurities are made a natural cotton fiber. The name and the percentage impurities are given blew. It’s could be less or high.

Protein 1.3%

Pectin’s 1.2%

Oil, Fat, Wax 0.6%

Mineral Matters 1.3%

Ash 0.5%

Others 1.1%

———————————————————

Total Impurities 06%

Cellulose 94%

Total: 100%

NB: Cellulose is the main useable element in cotton fiber & the quantity of impurities and cellulose could be less or high.

Jute Fiber

Percentage of impurities in Jute fiber.

Jute fiber is a multi-cellulose fiber and the main useable element is cellulose in this fiber. Generally 65% Cellulose and 35% impurities are including in a jute fiber, It could be less or high. Percentage and the name of impurities in jute are given blew.

Hemicelluloses 22.2%

Lignin 10.8%

Color pigment, Regions and others 2.0%

———————————————————

Total Impurities 35%

Cellulose 65%

Total: 100%

NB: Cellulose is the main useable element in Jute fiber & the quantity of impurities and cellulose could be less or high.

Wool Fiber

Percentage of impurities in Wool fiber

Wool is a natural animal fiber. The authentic element of wool is keratin. 61% keratin and 39% impurities are made-up the natural animal wool fiber. The impurities are Wool Wax or grease, Suint, dirt, burrs, minaret meters, water and others. Let’s have a look at percentage. It’s could be less or high.

Wool Wax or grease 11%

Suint 8%

Dirt 8%

Burrs minaret meters,

Water and others 12%

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Total Impurities 39%

Keratin 61%

Total: 100%

NB: Keratin is the main useable element in Wool fiber & the quantity of impurities and Keratin could be less or high.

Silk Fiber

Percentage of impurities in silk fiber

Silk is a natural animal fiber which one is produce from silk worm. Sericin is the main impurities in the silk fiber. Fibroin is the main element is the main part of the silk its called pure silk. Percentage of impurities are given blew. It’s could be less or high.

Sericin 22%

Wax 1.5%

Mineral salt, color,

Pigment and others 0.5%

———————————————————

Total Impurities 24%

Fibroin 76%

Total: 100%

NB: Fibroin is the main useable element in Silk fiber & the quantity of impurities and fibroin could be less or high.